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Second,
the composition of the underlying
soil and bedrock must be determined.
The rocks should be as watertight
as possible to prevent any leakage
from reaching groundwater. The
bedrock must not be fractured
or you cannot predict where wastes
might flow. You would not want
the site near mines or quarries
because these structures frequently
contact the groundwater supply.
At the same time, you must be
able to sink wells at various
points around the site to monitor
the groundwater or to capture
any escaping wastes.
Third,
the flow of water over the
area must be studied. You
do not want excess water from
the landfill draining on to neighboring
property or vice versa. Similarly,
you do not want the landfill to
be close to rivers, streams or
wetlands so that any potential
leakage from the landfill will
not enter the groundwater or watershed.
Fourth,
you need to determine the potential
effects of the landfill and possible
contamination on local wildlife.
For example, you would not want
to locate it near nesting areas
of local or migrating birds. You
would want to avoid local fisheries,
too.
Finally,
if the site contains any historical
or archaeological artifacts,
you would not want to build a
landfill there.
Parts
of a Landfill
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This
cross-section
drawing
shows
the
structure
of a
municipal
solid
waste
landfill.
The
arrows
indicate
the
flow
of leachate.
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